____the equation of time . .a) built the first quartz crystal clock
____a blue moon . . . . . . . .b) 29.5 days
____a jubilee . . . . . . . . . .c) discovered the pendulum
____William Willett . . . . .d) first day of the Jewish month
____Julian Calendar . . . . . e) proposed Daylight Saving time
____Christian Huygens . . . f) 2X10^1 years
____an aeon . . . . . . . . . . . g) built the first accurate ship chronometer
____a new moon . . . . . . . . h) 10^9 years
____a synodic month . . . . .i) founded by a Pope
____a score . . . . . . . . . . . j) the difference between apparent and mean solar time
____John Harrison . . . . . .k) built the first pendulum clock
____Gregorian Calendar . . .l) 27.3 days
____Galileo . . . . . . . . . . .m) 5X10^1 years
____a fortnight . . . . . . . . n) 2nd full moon in calendar month
____a sidereal month . . . . o) 2 weeks
____Warren Marrison . . . p) used from 45 BC to 1582 AD

2. (2 points) If a spaceship travelled at half the speed of light, approximately how long would it take in earth years to reach Alpha-Centauri? (circle the correct answer)

. a) two light-years . b) eight light-years . c) eight years . d) two years

3. (2 points) According to Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity, if the spaceship above travelled at half the speed of light, how much time would pass on the pilots watch during this trip?

. a) same as above . .b) less than above . .c) more than above . .d) no time

4. (3 points) A pendulum has a period of two seconds. If we take the period of a simple pendulum to be 2*Pi(L/g)^.5, what is the length of this pendulum?
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 .

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 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ___________cm

5. (3 points) If a pendulum with a length of .95 meters was taken to the moon, what would be the period of this pendulum? The moon has one sixth the gravity of earth.
.

 .

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 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ____________seconds

6. (1 point each) Write "yes" or "no" next to each of the following time-keeping devices to indicate whether or not it could be used to keep accurate time by astronauts orbiting the earth in a Space Shuttle.

Sand Glass____________ . . . . . . . . .Quartz crystal watch____________

Grandfather clock____________ . . . Sundial____________

Mechanical (spring powered) watch____________

7. (1 point each) Mean solar time is different from apparent solar time because (write "yes" or "no" next to each explaination):

a) the sun rotates once in about 30 days___________
b) the earth's orbital speed varies throughout the year___________
c) the earth's rotational axis is not exactly perpendicular to the plane of its orbit___________
d) there are not exactly 365 days in a year___________

8. (1 point each) Match the parts of a mechanical clock on the left to its counterpart in a quartz clock on the right.

____hands . . . . . . a) divider circuit
____pendulum . . . b) battery
____mainspring . . c) LCD or LED
____gears . . . . . . .d) trimmer capacitor
____rating nut . . . e) quartz crystal

9. (2 points) Your mom asks you to adjust her favorite grandfather clock so it will keep better time. It now runs about two minutes fast per day. Will you adjust the pendulum rating nut so the pendulum moves up or down?
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 10. (2 points) Write this year in Roman numerals and write a short explaination of how you arrived at your answer.
.

 .

 11. (1 point) A full moon occurs when......

. . .a) the earth is between Mars and the Sun.
. . .b) the Moon is between the Sun and the Earth.
. . .c) the Moon is at a right angle to the Earth.
. . .d) the Earth is between the Sun and the Moon.

12. (1 point) The year 1992 is a leap year. Will the year 2000 have 366 days? Yes/No
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 .

 13. (1 point) Will the year 2100 be a leap year? Yes/No
.

 .

 14. (1 point each) Which of the following are true of leap years? True/False

____________We add 1 extra day every 4 years.
____________We add a leap year day to every year divisible by 400.
____________We omit the leap year day in all years not divisible by 400.

15. (3 points) You are in the middle 1800's where there are no standard time zones. You are stranded in Maine (longitude 69 degrees W approx.). What is the longitudinal time difference in minutes between Maine and Georgia (longitude 43 degrees E approx.)? Remember 15 degrees longitude = 1 hour.
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 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ______________minutes

16. (1 point each) Match the following.

____clepsydra . . . . . . . . . . . a) Norse gods
____Gregorian Calendar . . . . b) vernal equinox
____June 21st . . . . . . . . . . . c) new moon to new moon
____sidereal month . . . . . . . .d) summer solstice
____names of the months . . . .e) sundial
____December 21st . . . . . . . f) day and night equal
____March 20th . . . . . . . . . .g) calendar with an extra day in both June and December
____synodical month . . . . . . .h) Roman gods
____gnomon . . . . . . . . . . . . . i) winter solstice
____World Calendar . . . . . . . j) water clock
____September 23rd . . . . . . k) one moon revolution around the earth
____names of days . . . . . . . . l) calendar used today in the U.S.